Reference share – study on transport equity
Here is a quick share of a study report on equity in public transportation from the Mineta Transport Institute:
Defining and Equity in Public Transportation, https://transweb.sjsu.edu/research/2100-Public-Transit-Equity-Metrics-Measurement
Perhaps income, physical ability/disability, age and gender are the more applicable aspects of equity in our case. However, the concepts and methodology in the report may still be applicable and can be customized or contextualized for the Philippine setting.
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Ownership is not equal to use – on bike ownership in the Philippines
There is a nice graphic going around social media about bicycle and vehicle ownership in the Philippines. It is attributed to the Social Weather Stations (SWS), which conducted a survey on vehicle ownership in the country during the first quarter of 2023. Most conspicuous is the inclusion of bicycles considering that past national surveys (especially those conducted by the PSA or NSA) did not include bicycles but only motor vehicles in their surveys.
The graph shows many households owning bicycles (24% as of Mar 2023) while those who owned 4-wheel motor vehicles are only at 6%. The quick conclusion I see in many social media posts is that only 6% of HH use cars and that 24% use bicycles. This is actually fallacious and therefore misleading. Such assessments and conclusions is far from being factual considering ownership in this case does not necessarily translate to use, particularly for the most important trips made during the day – commutes to work and school. In other words, a household owning at least one bicycle does not mean they use it for their regular commutes.
The graph also states that the data is for the entire country. Thus, it does not give us a more accurate take for cities, particularly the highly urbanized ones. Are the % the same for cities like those in Metro Manila? How were the samplings conducted? These are important because if we have the wrong data and assumptions, we won’t be able to understand the problem at hand. We will not be able to formulate the most suitable solutions to address the transport problems we are experiencing. On the part of SWS, they should be clarifying what the data means rather than be content of people using their data to mislead or peddle narratives for advocacies that may be worthy yet use misinformation as a means to an end.
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On micro mobility use of low-income people
We conclude September 2023 with another article share. This time it is about how low-income people use micro mobility.
Wilson, K. (September 20, 2023) “Study: How Low-Income People Really Use Micromobility,” StreetsBlog USA, https://usa.streetsblog.org/2023/09/20/study-how-low-income-people-really-use-micromobility [Last accessed: 9/30/2023]
To quote from the article:
“Low-income people are using shared micromobility a lot like they use public transit, a new study finds — and researchers think cities should thoroughly embrace (and subsidize) the mode as part of the larger ecosystem of buses and trains.
Researchers at Monash University, using survey data from micromobility giant Lime users across all income levels in the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand, dug deeper into how low-income people uniquely use the company’s vehicles.
Participants in the Lime Access program, which grants discounts of around “70 or 80 percent” to riders who qualify, were significantly more likely to list essential reasons like “shopping” for groceries (35 percent) and “commuting” (31 percent) than non-Access riders, 11 and 21 percent of whom rode to complete errands or go to work, respectively.
The discount recipients were also highly unlikely to go use bikes and scooters for non-essential reasons like social outings (12 percent), “joy-riding” (9 percent) or exploring (2 percent), quashing the stereotype that all micromobility trips are spontaneously generated. And a whopping 44 perccent of their trips connected to a traditional transit ride, compared to just 23 percent of people who paid full price.ago
Perhaps the most surprising findings, though, were riders’ qualitative responses about what micromobility meant to them, and how their lives were made better by having access to affordable ways to get around without a car. Calvin Thigpen — director of policy research for Lime and co-author of the report — says he was particularly moved by the number of riders with invisible disabilities who said Lime Access helped them get where they needed to go, even when local transit schedules didn’t meet their needs.”
The study was made in the First World (i.e., US, Australia and New Zealand) so while the methodology is sound, the subjects (i.e., what they defined as low-income) are not quite the same as low-income people in low to medium-income countries. The poor in the latter countries have more difficult lives but then these countries may already have the modes for them to be mobile – paratransit. Motorized tricycles, pedicabs and motorcycle taxis have been operating in these countries way before the arrival (or definition) of micromobilities.
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A real battle of Katipunan – the search for a transportation solution
Is it obvious that I was alluding to the classic match-ups of the two major universities – Ateneo De Manila University and the University of the Philippines Diliman – that are located along Katipunan Avenue for the title of this article? That is deliberate on my part as there is a ‘real’ battle along Katipunan Avenue, and it does not involve sports.
Following is a recent article from the Philippine Collegian that reports on the current state of traffic along the corridor:
https://phkule.org/article/971/private-cars-mainly-to-blame-for-katipunan-traffic-transport-experts
I have written before and many times about transport and traffic along Katipunan Avenue. This road has been part of my daily commute since 1988 when I was admitted to UP Diliman as a B.S. Civil Engineering major. Back then Katipunan was not as wide as it is now, especially along the section between UP Diliman and the MWSS complex. That section only had 2 lanes then. What is not a wide center island with large, old acacia trees used to be the frontage of MWSS. So now you can probably imagine how much land was ceded by MWSS for road widening.
I also wanted to write about Katipunan in part as a sort of farewell to the former MMDA Chair and Marikina Mayor Bayani Fernando (BF), who recently passed away. Much of how Katipunan looks like and the traffic situation today can be traced to what transpired during his time at MMDA. I will refrain from writing about this and him for now. I am actually thinking of writing a series about BF and his time as Mayor in Marikina, as MMDA Chair, and his brief stint as DPWH Secretary. This short article will do for now.
Article share: On the benefits of sidewalk networks
Here is another quick share of an article by Todd Litman on Planetizen. The article contains a lot of information or data about why we should be investing in sidewalks or pedestrian facilities (i.e., for walking).
Litman, T. (August 6, 2023) “Completing Sidewalk Networks: Benefits and Costs,” Planetizen, https://www.planetizen.com/blogs/124999-completing-sidewalk-networks-benefits-and-costs?utm_source=newswire&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=news-08142023&mc_cid=cd3b2e2ba5&mc_eid=9ccfe464b1 [Last accessed: 9/23/2023]
To quote from the article:
“Walking is the most basic and universal travel mode, and sidewalks are the most basic walking infrastructure, but they are often overlooked and undervalued in transportation planning. Completing and improving sidewalk networks can help achieve many economic, social and environmental goals.
Recent case studies indicate that typical North American communities spend $30 to $60 annually per capita on sidewalks, and would need to double or triple these spending levels to complete their networks. This is a large increase compared with current pedestrian spending but small compared with what governments and businesses spend on roads and parking facilities, and what motorists spend on their vehicles. Sidewalk funding increases are justified to satisfy ethical and legal requirements, and to achieve various economic, social and environmental goals. There are several possible ways to finance sidewalk improvements. These usually repay their costs thorough savings and benefits.”
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A zipper lane along Katipunan?
Yesterday, the Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) started another experiment along Katipunan Avenue in Quezon City. They introduced a zipper lane along the stretch fronting Ateneo’s Gate 2 and Miriam College’s main gate (about 740m – less than a kilometer). This single lane was supposed to ease traffic congestion along the northbound direction of Katipunan (aka Circumferential Road 5 or C5 or Pres. C.P. Garcia Avenue), which is saturated with vehicles especially during the morning peak.
While we wait for the official pronouncements regarding this experiment, the impacts are likely to be marginal as the original northbound lanes are jammed with vehicles. Thus, there is a tendency for the entry to the zipper lane to be blocked. MMDA staff will also have to stop vehicles at the exit if they will allow the movement of left-turning and U-turning vehicles at the junction with B. Gonzales and Miriam’s main gate. While it may seem an exercise in futility, we have to appreciate the continuing effort of MMDA for such schemes. The bottomline though is the MMDA has limited options to address the hellish traffic along Katipunan. The schools and other establishments would need to put their heads together to formulate a more sustainable solution for this corridor.
Traffic and the changing Katipunan cityscape
The traffic situation along Katipunan Avenue has worsened over the years. While there was some respite from the usual congestion experienced along the stretch of interest that has 3 major schools and a mall during the pandemic, ‘traffic’ is back with a vengeance and the new normal seems worse than the old. That Katipunan has changed a lot over the decades is an understatement. The photo below shows high rise buildings completed and under construction. All of these are residential condominiums along Katipunan and Xavierville. Many students now reside there and walk, cycle or take public transport to school. Enrollment though at Ateneo, Miriam and UP has also increased over the years. That means more trips generated by the schools. And with many still dependent on cars for their commutes, it is no wonder that the traffic situation is usually hellish especially during the peak hours.
I took this photo while stopped in traffic at the SM Marikina service road one morning. I have been commuting along this route since the late 1980s and at that time, there were no tall buildings along Katipunan. However, traffic was already bad especially along the stretch from Aurora Boulevard to C.P. Garcia. Its worse now from what I have observed and experienced these 35 years.
There will likely be more condos to be built in that area. The question is if these will lead to more people walking, cycling or using public transport, and becoming less car-dependent. What are the travel characteristics of people there? How much is through traffic?
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On reducing vehicle travel
This Sunday, I am sharing this article on the reduction of excess vehicle travel. I noted the use of the word ‘excess’ here, which somewhat distinguishes what is excess from what is necessary vehicle (or car) use.
Litman, T. (September 8, 2023) “How to reduce excess vehicle travel,” Planetizen, https://www.planetizen.com/blogs/125445-how-reduce-excess-vehicle-travel?utm_source=Planetizen+Updates&utm_campaign=b3ced8c873-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2023_08_09_05_38_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-6cce27a957-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D&mc_cid=b3ced8c873&mc_eid=9ccfe464b1 [Last accessed: 9/17/2023]
To quote from the article:
“Too often, practitioners undercount and undervalue slower but more affordable, inclusive, and resource-efficient modes such as walking, bicycling, and public transit. This contributes to the self-reinforcing cycle of automobile dependency and sprawl, illustrated below. We have an opportunity to break this cycle by recognizing the unique and important roles that walking, bicycling, and public transit can play in an efficient and equitable transportation system, and the cost efficiency of vehicle travel reduction policies. Telework can help, but only if implemented as part of an integrated program to create a more diverse, efficient and equitable transportation system.”
There is a lot you can pick up from this article, which sheds a light of hope towards addressing the most pressing issues particularly for our daily commutes. Litman is always clear and evidence-based for his discussions. His arguments are very persuasive if only decision-makers are not resistant to the facts about transport.
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Inflight meals onboard AirAsia flight MNL-KUL
Airline food is probably among the most maligned among meals. You’ve probably read or heard about complaints on meals served on board aircraft; especially those on Economy Class or coach. You have to be in Business Class or First Class to be served good meals or sets. If you are not the picky kind, then you will likely find the simply joys with the meals served on low cost carriers. These are usually selected and paid for in advance though you can also order in-flight assuming they carry all those items on their menu. Here are some items with AirAsia’s Santan:
Promotion of in-flight meals on AirAsia
The Chicken Rending and Vegetable Curry meals look good on paper.
So are the Chicken Biryani and Vegetable Biryani meals.
The Chicken Rice and Thai Basil Chicken dishes are also familiar to me. I wondered if the airline got these right and if they would be satisfying to passengers choosing these on-board or perhaps pre-ordering them.
Nasi Lemak sounded familiar and was perhaps something we tasted when we were still residing in Singapore.
There’s a vegetarian or plant-based version of this dish.
I settled for something familiar and enjoyable to me – Chicken Satay
The rice was curiously prepared and served similar to the ‘puso’ found in the Visayan and Mindanao provinces of the Philippines.
To cut the story short, I enjoyed my simple meal on-board AirAsia. I would dare say that I found my meals on this airline better than what I have eaten on-board Cebu Pacific. The meals also were better than what we recently had on board Philippine Airlines. That says a lot considering PAL is a full service airline. Of course, the meals on board Singapore Airlines and Thai Airways are would be tops on my list even in Economy Class.
Something I wanted to write about is my take on airline food over the years. I have a good memory of my first airline meals on board PAL in the 1970s. And I have had my fair share of various airline meals including First and Business Class meals on various airlines. That should be fun to write about!
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First impressions of a country or city – Kuala Lumpur
I recently traveled to Malaysia and just making this quick post of first impressions based on one of its gateways – Kuala Lumpur International Airport. This was not my first trip to Malaysia as I traveled there before but by land and from Singapore (we were residing in Singapore). That time, I traveled to Melaka. Here are photos when we arrived in KLIA last weekend.
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| A view of KLIA Terminal 2 as our plane approached to land |
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| Two towers – air traffic control towers, that is. The closer one is Terminal 2’s while the one at the distance is Terminal 1. |
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| A view of Terminal 2 as our plane taxied to the terminal |
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| Terminal 2 is designated for low cost carriers, and is the hub of AirAsia. This terminal replaced the low cost carrier terminal at KLIA, similar to what also happened in Changi. |
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| Our plane berthed at the satellite building. This meant we had to walk to the bridge to cross to the main Terminal 2 building. The two buildings are not served by a transit system like KLIA Terminal 1 (or HKIA or Changi, for example). |
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| The view of our plane as we crossed on the bridge to the main terminal building. |
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| AirAsia planes lined up along one of wings of the satellite building. Each wing is essentially a long pier. |
I was impressed by how large and spacious Terminal 2 is. It is designed, after all, to serve the millions of travelers going through this gateway in what is Southeast Asia’s most visited country for tourists. I just thought though that the moving walkways seemed to be an afterthought and that it was a long walk (healthy though) for many people between the main and satellite buildings. Terminal 2 though is located far from Terminal 1 so transport is required in case you need to transfer from one terminal to the other. It is not as seamless as Changi, for example. Still KLIA is much better than many capital city airports that I’ve been to though there is room for improvements.
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Caught (up) in traffic 